100% Real Oracle 1z0-235 Exam Questions & Answers, Accurate & Verified By IT Experts
Instant Download, Free Fast Updates, 99.6% Pass Rate
Oracle 1z0-235 Practice Test Questions, Exam Dumps
Oracle 1z0-235 (Oracle 11i Applications DBA:Fundamentals I) exam dumps vce, practice test questions, study guide & video training course to study and pass quickly and easily. Oracle 1z0-235 Oracle 11i Applications DBA:Fundamentals I exam dumps & practice test questions and answers. You need avanset vce exam simulator in order to study the Oracle 1z0-235 certification exam dumps & Oracle 1z0-235 practice test questions in vce format.
Preparing for the 1z0-235 Exam requires a deep and practical understanding of Oracle GoldenGate. This certification is designed to validate your skills as an implementation specialist, proving your ability to install, configure, and manage a GoldenGate replication environment. The exam covers a wide range of topics from basic architecture to advanced configuration and troubleshooting. A successful candidate demonstrates proficiency in ensuring low-impact, real-time data integration and continuous data availability. This series will serve as a comprehensive guide, breaking down the core concepts you need to master. Oracle GoldenGate is a premier software product for real-time data replication and integration. It enables the movement of transactional data across heterogeneous systems with minimal overhead. At its core, it captures data changes from a source database's transaction logs, transforms them into a platform-independent format, and applies them to a target system.
This process occurs with sub-second latency, making it ideal for high-availability solutions, disaster recovery, zero-downtime migrations, and real-time data warehousing. The 1z0-235 Exam thoroughly tests your knowledge of how these mechanisms work together. The journey to passing the 1z0-235 Exam begins with a solid grasp of the fundamentals. You must understand why organizations use GoldenGate and the business problems it solves. This includes maintaining synchronized databases for reporting, creating active-active database configurations for load balancing and continuous availability, or feeding data into big data analytics platforms.
Knowing these use cases provides context for the technical configurations you will learn about, making the material easier to comprehend and retain for the examination. This first part of our series focuses on building that foundational knowledge. We will explore the architecture, the primary components that make replication possible, the different topologies GoldenGate supports, and the initial setup considerations. By the end of this article, you will have a clear mental model of how GoldenGate operates, which is the essential first step in your preparation for the 1z0-235 Exam. Every subsequent part will build upon the concepts introduced here, leading you toward certification success.
The architecture of Oracle GoldenGate is a key focus area for the 1z0-235 Exam. It is a decoupled, modular architecture that provides flexibility and reliability. The processes on the source system are independent of the processes on the target system, connected only by a network connection. This design ensures that a failure or slowdown on the target side does not impact the performance of the source database. The key to this decoupling is the use of intermediate files, known as trail files, which store captured data changes before they are transported and applied. On the source system, the primary process is called Extract. Its job is to capture data changes as they happen. It reads from the database's transaction logs, which may be called redo logs in an Oracle Database or transaction logs in SQL Server. This log-based change data capture method is highly efficient and has a very low impact on the source database's performance. The Extract process captures committed transactions, including Data Manipulation Language (DML) changes like INSERTs, UPDATEs, and DELETEs, as well as Data Definition Language (DDL) changes like CREATE TABLE or ALTER INDEX. Once the Extract process captures the data, it writes these changes to the trail files. If the target system is remote, a secondary Extract process, known as a Data Pump, is typically used. The Data Pump reads the trail files created by the primary Extract and sends the data over the network to the target system. This adds another layer of resilience. If the network is unavailable, the primary Extract can continue capturing changes locally, while the Data Pump waits for the network to be restored before transmitting the data. On the target system, the architecture mirrors the source in reverse. The data arrives from the network and is written to a local set of trail files. The primary process on the target is called Replicat. The Replicat process reads the trail files, converts the data manipulation operations back into native SQL statements, and applies them to the target database. This entire flow, from capture to apply, is orchestrated and monitored by a controlling process called Manager on both the source and target systems. A thorough understanding of this flow is critical for the 1z0-235 Exam.
The Extract process is the starting point of the Oracle GoldenGate replication flow and a crucial topic for the 1z0-235 Exam. Its primary responsibility is to capture data changes from the source database. It can be configured in two main modes. The first mode is capturing from live transaction logs for real-time replication. The second mode is capturing from archived logs to process data that has already been written and archived, which is useful for batch processing or recovery scenarios. Extract identifies changes for tables specified in its parameter file and writes them sequentially into trail files. After the primary Extract captures data into a local trail, the Data Pump takes over. While not strictly mandatory, using a Data Pump is a best practice for remote replication and is frequently tested in the 1z0-235 Exam. The Data Pump is technically a secondary Extract process. Its sole purpose is to read the local trail, compress and encrypt the data if configured, and transmit it across the network to the target. This isolates the primary Extract from network issues. Without a Data Pump, the primary Extract would have to handle both data capture and network transmission, potentially causing it to stall if network problems arise. The Replicat process is the final piece of the core replication puzzle. Running on the target system, its job is to apply the captured data changes to the target database. Replicat reads the trail file that was transmitted by the Data Pump, reconstructs the DML or DDL operations, and executes them against the target tables. Replicat is highly configurable, allowing for data transformation, filtering, and mapping between source and target schemas or tables. It maintains its own checkpoint to ensure that in case of a failure, it can restart from the last known good position without reapplying transactions or losing data. Each of these core processes—Extract, Pump, and Replicat—is configured using a dedicated parameter file. These text files contain instructions that define the process's behavior, such as which tables to process, how to map columns, or how to handle errors. The syntax and options available in these parameter files are a major part of the 1z0-235 Exam. You must be comfortable creating and editing these files to control the replication stream, define transformations, and manage the overall GoldenGate environment effectively.
Trail files are the backbone of the Oracle GoldenGate architecture. They are a series of files on disk that store the captured data changes in a proprietary, platform-independent format. This format is what allows GoldenGate to support replication between different database vendors and operating systems. When an Extract process captures a transaction, it translates the database-specific log records into this universal format before writing it to a trail file. This abstraction is a fundamental concept you must grasp for the 1z0-235 Exam. The sequence of trail files is referred to as a "trail". On the source system, this is called a local trail or an extract trail. On the target system, it is known as a remote trail. Each file in the trail is uniquely named with a two-character prefix followed by a six-digit sequence number. For example, tr000001, tr000002, and so on. This sequential numbering makes it easy to track the flow of data and manage the files. The Manager process can be configured to automatically purge older trail files after they have been processed, preventing them from consuming excessive disk space. One of the most important functions of trail files is to provide the decoupling between the source and target environments. The source Extract writes to the trail, and the target Replicat reads from it. These processes operate at their own pace. If the target database is slow or down for maintenance, the Extract and Data Pump can continue to capture changes and write them to the trail. Once the target is available again, the Replicat process will pick up where it left off and begin applying the backlog of changes from the trail, ensuring no data is lost. Inside the trail file, data is stored as records. Each record represents a single DML or DDL operation. These records contain all the necessary information to reconstruct the operation on the target, such as the table name, the operation type (insert, update, delete), and the before and after images of the data for each affected column. Understanding the structure and management of these files, including their naming convention, location, and lifecycle, is essential knowledge for anyone preparing for the 1z0-235 Exam.
The Manager process is the primary control process for Oracle GoldenGate on any given server. It is the first process that must be started and the last one to be stopped. A single Manager process runs on each machine where GoldenGate is installed, acting as a parent process for all other GoldenGate processes on that system. Its responsibilities are central to a stable GoldenGate environment, making it a guaranteed topic on the 1z0-235 Exam. The Manager's duties include starting processes, monitoring them, restarting them after failures, and managing trail file purging. One of the Manager's main functions is to listen for requests from the GoldenGate command-line interface, GGSCI. When you issue a command like START EXTRACT, the GGSCI client communicates this request to the Manager process on the specified port. The Manager then initiates the requested Extract process. It is also responsible for dynamic process starting, where it can automatically start Extract or Replicat processes when the Manager itself starts up. This is controlled by the AUTOSTART parameter in the Manager's parameter file. Another critical role of the Manager is process monitoring and failure recovery. The Manager periodically checks the status of the GoldenGate processes it controls. If a process, such as a Replicat, terminates abnormally, the Manager can be configured to automatically restart it. This feature, known as AUTORESTART, helps ensure high availability of the replication stream. The parameters for this feature allow you to specify how many times to retry restarting and the delay between retries. Knowing how to configure this is a practical skill tested by the 1z0-235 Exam. Finally, the Manager is responsible for routine maintenance tasks, most notably the management of trail files. As Extract and Replicat processes run, they create trail files that consume disk space. The Manager can be configured with purging rules to automatically delete trail files once they are no longer needed by any downstream process. This prevents the disk from filling up. The configuration of the Manager is done through a parameter file called mgr.prm. This file specifies the port number for the Manager to run on and contains parameters for all the functions mentioned above.
Oracle GoldenGate is renowned for its flexibility, which is demonstrated by the wide array of replication topologies it supports. Understanding these topologies and their appropriate use cases is a key learning objective for the 1z0-235 Exam. The simplest topology is a one-to-one, or unidirectional, configuration. In this setup, data flows from a single source database to a single target database. This is commonly used for creating a real-time reporting instance, a disaster recovery site, or for feeding data to a data warehouse. A more advanced configuration is the one-to-many, or broadcast, topology. Here, data from a single source database is replicated to multiple target databases simultaneously. This is useful when data from a central transactional system needs to be distributed to various departmental databases or regional offices. The source system has one Extract process, which writes to a local trail. Multiple Data Pump processes can then read from this single trail, each sending the data to a different target system. Each target system then has its own Replicat process. The many-to-one, or consolidation, topology is the inverse of the broadcast. In this model, data from multiple source databases is consolidated into a single central target database. This is a common architecture for data warehousing and central reporting, where data from various business applications or retail stores is brought together for analysis. Each source system has its own Extract and Data Pump processes, and all of them send their data to the central target. The target system will have multiple Replicat processes, one for each incoming data stream. The most complex and powerful topologies are bidirectional and peer-to-peer (or active-active). In a bidirectional setup, two databases replicate data to each other, allowing both to be active and accept changes. This is used for load balancing and high availability. Peer-to-peer extends this concept to more than two databases, where every database in the group replicates its data to every other database. These configurations require careful handling of potential data conflicts, where the same record is modified simultaneously on different systems. The 1z0-235 Exam expects you to know these topologies and when to apply them.
Before installing Oracle GoldenGate, you must properly prepare the source and target environments. This preparation is a critical step for a successful implementation and is a practical area covered in the 1z0-235 Exam. Preparation involves configuring the database, the operating system, and ensuring network connectivity. For an Oracle database, one of the most important prerequisites is to enable ARCHIVELOG mode. GoldenGate's Extract process reads from the online and archived redo logs, so ARCHIVELOG mode is mandatory for it to function correctly. Another crucial database preparation step is enabling supplemental logging. By default, Oracle databases do not log all the information needed by GoldenGate in the redo logs, especially for UPDATE operations where only the changed columns are logged. Supplemental logging forces the database to write additional information into the redo logs, such as the primary key columns or all columns of a changed row. This is necessary for the Replicat process on the target to uniquely identify and apply the changes. You can enable this at the database level and also at the table level using the ADD TRANDATA command in GGSCI. On the operating system level, you must create a dedicated user account for the GoldenGate installation. This user requires specific privileges to read and write to the GoldenGate home directory and any directories where trail files will be stored. Sufficient disk space must be allocated for the GoldenGate software binaries and, more importantly, for the trail files. The amount of space needed for trails depends on the transaction volume of the source database. You must also ensure that the system's kernel parameters are set appropriately to handle the resource requirements of the GoldenGate processes. Finally, network connectivity between the source and target systems must be established and verified. The Manager process on the target system listens on a specific TCP/IP port. You must ensure that this port is open in any firewalls between the two systems. The network should be reliable and have sufficient bandwidth to handle the volume of data being replicated. Failing to properly prepare any of these areas—database, OS, or network—can lead to installation failures or runtime issues. The 1z0-235 Exam will test your knowledge of these essential prerequisites.
When setting up a new replication environment, the source and target databases need to be synchronized before real-time change data capture can begin. This process of populating the target database with data from the source is called the initial load. Oracle GoldenGate offers several methods to perform this initial load, and choosing the right one is a common scenario presented in the 1z0-235 Exam. The choice depends on factors like database size, the acceptable downtime window, and the database versions involved. One common method is to perform the initial load directly using Oracle GoldenGate itself. In this approach, a special type of Extract and Replicat process is configured to handle the initial load. The Extract reads directly from the source tables instead of the transaction logs and sends the data to the Replicat, which applies it to the target tables. This method is straightforward as it uses the same software, but it may not be the fastest option for very large databases. While the initial load is running, a change-data-capture Extract must also be running to capture any transactions that occur during the load process. Another popular technique is to use a database-specific utility, which is often much faster for large datasets. For example, you could use Oracle Data Pump (expdp/impdp) or a backup-and-restore method like RMAN. In this scenario, you first note the current System Change Number (SCN) on the source database. You then perform the export or backup. After restoring the data on the target, you would start the GoldenGate Extract process, instructing it to begin capturing changes from the SCN you noted earlier. This ensures that no transactions are missed between the initial load and the start of replication. The best method depends on the specific requirements. For smaller databases, the direct load method within GoldenGate might be sufficient. For terabyte-sized databases, using a high-speed utility like Data Pump is almost always preferred. Regardless of the method chosen, the key is to establish a point of synchronization between the source and target. The 1z0-235 Exam expects you to understand the different initial load methods, the steps involved in each, and how to start the change data capture processes correctly after the load is complete to ensure a seamless transition to real-time replication.
The GoldenGate Command Interface, or GGSCI, is the primary tool for administering and managing an Oracle GoldenGate environment. A deep familiarity with GGSCI commands is absolutely essential for anyone preparing for the 1z0-235 Exam. It is a command-line utility that allows you to create, configure, start, stop, monitor, and troubleshoot all the components of GoldenGate. From GGSCI, you interact with the Manager process to control the Extract, Data Pump, and Replicat groups. It is the central hub for day-to-day operations. When you launch GGSCI, you enter an interactive shell. From this shell, you can issue a wide range of commands. Basic commands include START and STOP to control processes, INFO to view their status, and VIEW REPORT to check their processing history and any errors encountered. For example, the command INFO ALL provides a concise summary of all configured GoldenGate processes, showing their status (e.g., RUNNING, STOPPED, ABENDED) and lag. Mastering these basic monitoring commands is the first step toward effective administration. Beyond simple process control, GGSCI is used for configuration tasks. The EDIT PARAMS command opens the parameter file for a specified process in the system's default text editor, allowing you to define its behavior. Commands like ADD EXTRACT, ADD REPLICAT, and ADD TRANDATA are used to configure the core components of replication. For instance, ADD TRANDATA is used to enable the necessary level of supplemental logging on source tables, a critical prerequisite for replication that is often a topic on the 1z0-235 Exam. GGSCI also provides access to more advanced administrative functions. You can manage trail files using commands like INFO TRANDETAIL or by interacting with the Logdump utility, which can be invoked from within GGSCI. You can also view detailed process statistics and performance metrics using the STATS command. Given its central role, you should spend significant time practicing with GGSCI. The 1z0-235 Exam will not only test your knowledge of the commands themselves but also your understanding of how to use them to perform specific administrative and troubleshooting tasks in a realistic scenario.
The Manager process is the nerve center of any Oracle GoldenGate installation, and its configuration is a fundamental skill tested in the 1z0-235 Exam. Configuration is handled through a single parameter file named mgr.prm, located in the GoldenGate home directory. This file is simple in structure but powerful in its effect on the stability and automation of your replication environment. The most essential parameter in this file is PORT, which specifies the TCP/IP port number that Manager will listen on for requests from GGSCI and remote Data Pump processes. A crucial aspect of Manager configuration is setting up automated process management. The AUTOSTART parameter instructs Manager to automatically start specific Extract and Replicat processes when Manager itself starts. This is vital for ensuring that replication resumes automatically after a planned server reboot. Conversely, the AUTORESTART parameter provides resilience against unexpected failures. It tells Manager to attempt to restart a process if it terminates abnormally (abends). You can control the number of retries and the waiting period between them, preventing constant restart loops for a process with a persistent issue. Manager is also responsible for maintaining the trail files. The PURGEOLDEXTRACTS parameter is used to configure the automatic purging of trail files to prevent disk space from being exhausted. You can define rules based on the age of the files or the amount of disk space used. For example, you can instruct Manager to keep the last 7 days of trail files or to start purging once the trail directory exceeds a certain size. Proper configuration of this parameter is critical for long-term, unattended operation of a GoldenGate environment. Other important parameters in the mgr.prm file include those for managing the event and error log (LOGGING) and for specifying the location of the dynamic port list for Data Pump connections (DYNAMICPORTLIST). A well-configured Manager process ensures a robust and self-healing replication setup. For the 1z0-235 Exam, you should be able to create a mgr.prm file from scratch and explain the function and syntax of its key parameters, especially PORT, AUTOSTART, AUTORESTART, and PURGEOLDEXTRACTS.
The Extract parameter file is where you define the core logic for data capture on the source system. Your ability to correctly create and modify this file is a major component of the 1z0-235 Exam. The file typically begins with a unique name for the Extract group, specified with the EXTRACT parameter. This is followed by connection details for the source database, which can be provided directly or through aliasing. For an Oracle database, this is usually handled by USERID and PASSWORD or by using USERIDALIAS for better security. The next section of the parameter file defines the output of the Extract process, which is the trail file. You specify the location and prefix of the trail file using either EXTTRAIL for a local trail that will be read by a Data Pump, or RMTTRAIL for a remote trail if you are not using a Data Pump. These parameters are followed by the name of the trail, for example, EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/lt. Understanding the difference between a local and remote trail and when to use each is crucial. The most important part of the file is the list of tables to be captured. This is done using one or more TABLE or MAP statements. A simple TABLE schema.table; statement tells Extract to capture all DML operations for that specific table. You can use wildcards to specify multiple tables, for example, TABLE hr.*; to capture changes for all tables in the hr schema. It is within this section that you also specify any filtering or data transformation that needs to occur during the capture process. Finally, the parameter file can include various options to modify Extract's behavior. For instance, GETUPDATEBEFORES instructs Extract to capture the "before image" of columns for update operations, which can be necessary for certain target database operations or for conflict resolution. Other parameters control transaction grouping, memory usage, and error handling. A thorough knowledge of the most common Extract parameters and the ability to construct a valid parameter file for a given scenario are key skills you need to demonstrate for the 1z0-235 Exam.
To truly master Oracle GoldenGate for the 1z0-235 Exam, you must move beyond the basic TABLE and EXTTRAIL parameters and understand the options that control the detailed behavior of the Extract process. One such parameter is TRANLOGOPTIONS. This parameter provides a range of options specific to how Extract interacts with the database transaction logs. For example, you might use it to specify an alternative location for archived logs or to control how Extract handles long-running transactions. Another critical set of parameters involves Data Definition Language (DDL) replication. By default, Extract only captures DML changes. To capture DDL changes like CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE, you must include the DDL parameter. This parameter has its own set of options to include or exclude specific object types or operations. For example, you could configure it to replicate CREATE and ALTER statements but ignore DROP statements. Proper DDL replication is a complex topic, and its configuration is a common subject in exam questions. When dealing with large transactions, parameters like FETCHOPTIONS become important. This parameter controls how Extract retrieves data for certain operations. For instance, if a row that is part of a transaction is updated, but the primary key was not updated, the log might not contain the primary key value. FETCHOPTIONS (FETCHPKUPDATECOLS) tells Extract to fetch the primary key value directly from the database in such cases. While this ensures data integrity, it adds a small performance overhead, so understanding the trade-offs is important. Error handling is also configured within the Extract parameter file. Parameters like WARNLONGTRANS allow you to set a threshold for long-running transactions, instructing Extract to post a warning to its report file if a transaction exceeds this duration. This helps in identifying potential performance issues. The comprehensive set of parameters available allows for fine-grained control over the capture process. Success in the 1z0-235 Exam requires not just memorizing parameter names but understanding what they do and when to use them appropriately.
The Data Pump is a secondary Extract process that runs on the source system. Its role is to read the local trail created by the primary Extract and send the data over the network to the target. While it is technically an Extract process, its parameter file is configured differently, a distinction you must understand for the 1z0-235 Exam. The primary purpose of using a Data Pump is to isolate the data capture process from network latency or outages, which is a crucial best practice. The Data Pump's parameter file starts similarly to a primary Extract, with an EXTRACT group name and a USERID or USERIDALIAS for database connection, although a database connection is often not required if no data transformation is being done. The key difference lies in its input and output. Instead of capturing from transaction logs, the Data Pump reads from a local trail. This is specified using the EXTTRAILSOURCE parameter, which points to the trail created by the primary Extract. For example, EXTTRAILSOURCE ./dirdat/lt. The output of the Data Pump is a remote trail on the target system. This is configured using the RMTTRAIL parameter. You must also specify the connection details for the target system using the RMTHOST parameter, which defines the target server's hostname or IP address, and the MGRPORT parameter, which specifies the port number of the Manager process on that target server. For example, RMTHOST target_server, MGRPORT 7809. This tells the Data Pump where to send the data. The Data Pump parameter file also includes TABLE or MAP statements, just like a primary Extract. However, in this context, their purpose is simply to pass through the data from the source trail to the remote trail. A simple TABLE *.*; is often used to indicate that all data from all tables in the source trail should be passed through. You can also perform filtering or routing at the Data Pump level, for example, sending data for different schemas to different target systems. Understanding how to set up this data pipeline is a core competency for the 1z0-235 Exam.
The Replicat process on the target system is responsible for applying the replicated data. Its behavior is controlled by the Replicat parameter file, which you must be proficient in creating for the 1z0-235 Exam. The file starts with the REPLICAT parameter to name the group, followed by the USERID or USERIDALIAS to specify the database connection details for the target database. The ASSUMETARGETDEFS parameter is often included, which tells Replicat to assume that the source and target table structures are identical, improving performance by avoiding definition lookups. The core of the Replicat parameter file is the MAP statement. While the TABLE statement can be used, MAP is more common and powerful as it explicitly defines the mapping from a source table to a target table. For example, MAP source_schema.source_table, TARGET target_schema.target_table; maps a table from the source schema to a potentially different table in a different schema on the target. This statement is the foundation of all data application logic in Replicat. Within the MAP statement, you can specify column-level mappings if the source and target tables have different column names or structures. This is done using the COLMAP clause. For instance, COLMAP (USEDEFAULTS, target_col1 = source_col1, target_col2 = @UPPER(source_col2)) shows how you can map columns and even apply built-in functions, like converting a source column to uppercase before applying it to the target. The ability to perform these transformations is a key feature of GoldenGate and a likely topic for exam questions. Error handling is a particularly important aspect of Replicat configuration. Parameters like REPERROR allow you to define how Replicat should respond to specific database errors. You can instruct it to ABEND (terminate), DISCARD the problematic transaction, or RETRY the operation. For example, you might configure Replicat to discard "duplicate record" errors for an initial load but to abend on such errors during normal replication. A well-designed error handling strategy is essential for a robust replication environment, and its configuration is a key skill for the 1z0-235 Exam.
Beyond the basic MAP and TARGET statements, several other Replicat parameters are essential for building a robust and efficient replication solution. The 1z0-235 Exam will expect you to know how and when to use them. One of the most important is HANDLECOLLISIONS. This parameter is used to handle cases where a row that Replicat is trying to insert already exists, or a row it is trying to update or delete does not exist. HANDLECOLLISIONS tells Replicat to overwrite the existing row on an insert and ignore the missing row on an update or delete, which is useful for synchronizing tables that may have been out of sync. Another critical parameter is DBOPTIONS. This parameter provides a way to pass specific options to the target database during the apply process. For instance, DBOPTIONS SUPPRESSTRIGGERS will disable the target database triggers from firing for the operations performed by Replicat. This is often necessary to prevent triggers from re-applying logic that has already been executed on the source or causing unintended side effects. Similarly, you can use it to disable integrity constraints during the apply process if needed. For performance tuning, the BATCHSQL parameter is frequently used. By default, Replicat applies operations one by one. BATCHSQL allows Replicat to group similar SQL statements into arrays and apply them as a single database operation, which can significantly improve performance, especially for tables with high volumes of inserts. The efficiency gains can be substantial, but it's important to understand that it can change error reporting behavior, as an error in one statement might affect the entire batch. Finally, the DISCARDFILE parameter is essential for troubleshooting. It specifies a file where Replicat will write the details of any operations that failed to apply and were discarded due to a REPERROR rule. This file includes the full transaction details and the reason for the failure, making it an invaluable tool for diagnosing data discrepancies or other issues. For the 1z0-235 Exam, you should be familiar with these parameters and be able to explain how they contribute to the overall performance, integrity, and manageability of the Replicat process.
The day-to-day management of Oracle GoldenGate involves starting, stopping, and monitoring the various processes. These operations are performed using the GGSCI utility and are fundamental skills that will be tested on the 1z0-235 Exam. To start a process, you use the START command followed by the process type and name, for example, START EXTRACT ext_fin. This command sends a request to the Manager process, which then launches the specified Extract group. Similarly, START REPLICAT rep_fin would start a Replicat group. To stop a process gracefully, you use the STOP command, such as STOP EXTRACT ext_fin. A graceful stop allows the process to finish its current task, write a checkpoint, and then shut down cleanly. This is the preferred method for planned maintenance. In situations where a process is unresponsive, you may need to force it to stop. This is done using the KILL command, for example, KILL EXTRACT ext_fin. However, KILL should be used with caution as it can lead to an unclean shutdown. Continuous monitoring is key to maintaining a healthy replication environment. The primary command for this is INFO, which can be used to check the status of a specific process (INFO EXTRACT ext_fin) or all processes (INFO ALL). The output shows the process status (e.g., RUNNING, STOPPED), its checkpoint lag, and the time since the last checkpoint. Lag is a critical metric that tells you how far behind the replication process is from the source. Consistently high lag can indicate a performance bottleneck that needs investigation. For more detailed information, the STATS command provides performance statistics, such as the number of operations processed per second. The VIEW REPORT command is used to view the process report file, which contains detailed information about the process's startup, operations, and any errors or warnings encountered. Regularly checking the status, lag, and reports for all processes is a standard administrative task. The 1z0-235 Exam will expect you to be proficient with all these GGSCI commands and to be able to interpret their output to assess the health of a GoldenGate instance.
Checkpoints are a fundamental concept in Oracle GoldenGate that ensures data integrity and enables recovery from failures. This is a critical topic for the 1z0-235 Exam. A checkpoint is a marker that indicates the precise point in the transaction log (for Extract) or the trail file (for Replicat) up to which all data has been successfully processed and committed. These checkpoints are periodically written to a dedicated file in the dirchk subdirectory of the GoldenGate home. For the Extract process, the checkpoint marks the position in the source database's transaction log from which it should resume capturing data after a restart. This guarantees that no transactions are missed or recaptured. When Extract starts, it first reads its checkpoint file to determine its last known position and begins reading the logs from that point forward. This mechanism allows you to stop and start the Extract process without losing your place in the data stream. For the Replicat process, the checkpoint serves a similar purpose but relates to the trail files. The Replicat checkpoint records the position in the trail file of the last transaction that was successfully applied to the target database. If the Replicat process or the target database fails, Replicat can be restarted, and it will use its checkpoint to resume applying transactions from the exact point of failure. This prevents duplicate transactions from being applied and ensures that the source and target remain consistent. The checkpoint mechanism is the foundation of GoldenGate's fault tolerance. It guarantees that data is processed exactly once. Understanding how checkpoints work for both Extract and Replicat is essential. You should know where the checkpoint files are stored, how to view their status using INFO commands in GGSCI (which shows the checkpoint lag), and how they enable GoldenGate processes to recover gracefully from planned or unplanned outages. This knowledge is crucial for managing a reliable replication environment and for success on the 1z0-235 Exam.
While the basic TABLE parameter allows you to select which tables to replicate, the 1z0-235 Exam requires you to understand more granular methods of data selection. Oracle GoldenGate provides powerful filtering capabilities to include or exclude specific rows based on their data values. This is primarily achieved using the WHERE clause for Extract and the FILTER clause for Replicat. These clauses allow you to specify conditions that must be met for a record to be processed, which is essential for many business requirements. The WHERE clause is used in the Extract parameter file and is applied during the data capture phase. It filters records before they are even written to the trail file. This is the most efficient way to filter data, as it reduces the amount of information that needs to be processed, stored in the trail, and sent over the network. For example, you could use TABLE fin.trans, WHERE (trans_type = 'SALE' AND amount > 1000); to capture only sales transactions with an amount greater than one thousand. The syntax of the WHERE clause is similar to the WHERE clause in a standard SQL query. You can use common comparison operators like =, >, <, <>, and combine conditions with AND and OR. You can also use GoldenGate's built-in @IF and @CASE functions for more complex conditional logic. It is important to remember that the WHERE clause is evaluated by the Extract process itself, not by the database, so it must use column names and functions that GoldenGate understands. On the target side, the FILTER clause is used within a MAP statement in the Replicat parameter file. It performs a similar function to the WHERE clause but acts on the data after it has been read from the trail file and just before it is applied to the target database. For example, MAP fin.trans, TARGET fin.trans, FILTER (@GETVAL(trans_type) = 'REFUND');. The FILTER clause is useful when you want to send all data to the trail but apply different subsets of it to different targets, or when the filtering logic depends on data from the target system.
The core of any GoldenGate configuration lies in specifying which data to replicate and where it should go. The TABLE and MAP parameters are the primary tools for this, and the 1z0-235 Exam will test your proficiency with their syntax and usage. The TABLE parameter is used in the Extract parameter file to specify the source tables from which data should be captured. Its simplest form is TABLE schema.table;. You can use wildcards to select multiple tables, such as TABLE fin.*; to capture all tables in the fin schema. The MAP statement is more versatile and is used in both Extract and Replicat parameter files. In Extract, MAP can be used as an alternative to TABLE, and it becomes necessary when you want to perform transformations during capture. In Replicat, MAP is the standard way to define the relationship between a source table in the trail file and a table in the target database. The basic syntax is MAP source_schema.source_table, TARGET target_schema.target_table;. This explicitly declares the source-to-target relationship. One of the key advantages of MAP is its ability to handle situations where the source and target schemas or table names are different. For example, if you are replicating from a PROD schema to a TEST schema, you could use a wildcarded MAP statement like MAP PROD.*, TARGET TEST.*;. This single line would correctly map all tables from the PROD schema to their corresponding tables in the TEST schema, assuming the table names are the same. Beyond simple mapping, the MAP statement serves as a container for more advanced directives. Clauses like COLMAP, FILTER, and SQLEXEC are all used within the scope of a MAP statement to control column-level mapping, row filtering, and data enrichment. Understanding the hierarchical structure where these clauses are nested within a MAP statement is fundamental to creating complex configurations. The 1z0-235 Exam will expect you to be able to construct multi-line MAP statements that solve complex replication requirements.
A common requirement in data integration projects is the need to transform data as it moves from the source to the target. Oracle GoldenGate provides extensive capabilities for this, primarily through the COLMAP clause within a MAP statement. A deep understanding of these techniques is essential for the 1z0-235 Exam. The COLMAP clause allows you to control how individual columns from a source table are mapped to columns in the target table. The COLMAP clause is often used with the USEDEFAULTS keyword. COLMAP (USEDEFAULTS, target_col = source_col, ...) tells GoldenGate to map all columns with the same name by default, and then you only need to specify the exceptions or transformations for particular columns. This simplifies the parameter file significantly, especially for tables with many columns. For example, you might map most columns by default but explicitly set one target column to a constant value: target_status = 'PROCESSED'. GoldenGate includes a rich library of built-in functions that can be used for data transformation within the COLMAP clause. These functions, which often start with an @ symbol, allow you to manipulate data in various ways. For instance, @DATE can be used to format date strings, @UPPER or @LOWER can change the case of character data, and @STRCAT can concatenate multiple strings together. An example would be target_fullname = @STRCAT(source_firstname, ' ', source_lastname). For more complex transformations that cannot be handled by the built-in functions, GoldenGate provides other mechanisms. You can use the SQLEXEC feature to call database stored procedures or execute SQL queries to fetch or compute values. You can also develop custom logic using User Exits, which are external C or C++ programs that can be called by GoldenGate. While User Exits are an advanced topic, being aware of their existence and purpose is important for the 1z0-235 Exam. The primary focus, however, will be on mastering the COLMAP clause and the common built-in functions.
Sometimes, the data available in the source transaction is not sufficient for the target system. You may need to enrich the data by looking up additional information from other tables in the database. Oracle GoldenGate's SQLEXEC feature provides a powerful way to achieve this. SQLEXEC allows you to execute a SQL query or call a stored procedure from within the Extract or Replicat parameter file. A solid grasp of SQLEXEC is a valuable skill for tackling advanced scenarios in the 1z0-235 Exam. SQLEXEC can be used in two main ways: as a standalone statement in the parameter file or within a TABLE or MAP statement. When used within a MAP statement, it is typically used for data lookups. For example, if a TRANSACTIONS table contains a PRODUCT_ID but the target system needs the PRODUCT_NAME, you can use SQLEXEC to query the PRODUCTS table to fetch the name. The result of the query can then be stored in a temporary variable and mapped to the target column. The syntax involves specifying the query and how to handle the input parameters and output results. For example, you might have a line like SQLEXEC (SQLID mylookup, QUERY 'SELECT product_name INTO :pname FROM products WHERE product_id = :pid', PARAMS (pid = source_product_id)). Here, SQLID gives the query a name, QUERY contains the SQL statement with placeholders, and PARAMS maps a source column to the input placeholder. The looked-up value is stored in the :pname variable. This variable can then be used in a COLMAP clause: target_product_name = :pname. It is important to be mindful of the performance implications of using SQLEXEC. Each execution involves a round trip to the database, which can add significant overhead, especially for high-volume tables. Therefore, it should be used judiciously. Queries used in SQLEXEC should be simple and operate on indexed columns to ensure they execute quickly. The 1z0-235 Exam may present scenarios where you need to decide if SQLEXEC is the appropriate solution and how to implement it correctly for data enrichment tasks.
Replicating Data Definition Language (DDL) changes, such as CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, and DROP TABLE, is a critical feature for keeping source and target environments structurally synchronized. Oracle GoldenGate's DDL replication capabilities are a key topic for the 1z0-235 Exam. By default, GoldenGate only processes DML operations. To enable DDL replication, you must first configure a DDL capture trigger on the source database and then include the DDL parameter in both the Extract and Replicat parameter files. The setup on the source database involves running a series of scripts provided with the GoldenGate installation. These scripts create the necessary database objects, including a trigger and some metadata tables, that work together to capture DDL operations and make them available to the Extract process. Once this setup is complete, Extract can capture DDL statements alongside DML changes and write them to the trail file as special DDL records. In the Extract parameter file, you enable DDL capture by simply adding the DDL parameter. However, this parameter has many powerful options for fine-grained control. You can use DDLOPTIONS to specify which DDL operations to include or exclude. For example, you might want to replicate all CREATE and ALTER statements but exclude all DROP statements to prevent accidental data loss on the target. You can also filter based on object names or types. In the Replicat parameter file, you also add the DDL parameter to instruct it to process the DDL records it finds in the trail. The Replicat DDL configuration can also be customized. A common feature is DDL name mapping, which allows you to change the names of objects as they are created on the target. This is useful when replicating between different schemas. For example, you can map all objects from the PROD schema to be created in the DEV schema on the target. Understanding the end-to-end configuration of DDL replication is vital for the 1z0-235 Exam.
Go to testing centre with ease on our mind when you use Oracle 1z0-235 vce exam dumps, practice test questions and answers. Oracle 1z0-235 Oracle 11i Applications DBA:Fundamentals I certification practice test questions and answers, study guide, exam dumps and video training course in vce format to help you study with ease. Prepare with confidence and study using Oracle 1z0-235 exam dumps & practice test questions and answers vce from ExamCollection.
Top Oracle Certification Exams
Site Search:
SPECIAL OFFER: GET 10% OFF
Pass your Exam with ExamCollection's PREMIUM files!
SPECIAL OFFER: GET 10% OFF
Use Discount Code:
MIN10OFF
A confirmation link was sent to your e-mail.
Please check your mailbox for a message from support@examcollection.com and follow the directions.
Download Free Demo of VCE Exam Simulator
Experience Avanset VCE Exam Simulator for yourself.
Simply submit your e-mail address below to get started with our interactive software demo of your free trial.