Pass Your VMware vSphere 6 2V0-620 Exam Easy!

VMware 2V0-620 (vSphere 6 Foundations) exam dumps vce, practice test questions, study guide & video training course to study and pass quickly and easily. VMware 2V0-620 vSphere 6 Foundations exam dumps & practice test questions and answers. You need avanset vce exam simulator in order to study the VMware vSphere 6 2V0-620 certification exam dumps & VMware vSphere 6 2V0-620 practice test questions in vce format.

An Introduction to the 2V0-620 Exam and vSphere 6 Fundamentals

The 2V0-620 Exam, also known as the vSphere 6 Foundations Exam, was a foundational step in achieving the VMware Certified Professional 6 – Data Center Virtualization (VCP6-DCV) certification. It is crucial to understand that vSphere 6 is a legacy version of VMware's virtualization platform, and consequently, this exam has been retired. Certifications now focus on current versions of vSphere. However, the concepts and technologies covered in the 2V0-620 Exam remain the bedrock of modern data center virtualization, making this knowledge fundamentally important for any aspiring virtualization administrator.

This exam was designed to validate a candidate's basic skills in deploying and administering a vSphere 6 environment. It confirmed that an individual possessed the essential knowledge to provide a reliable and scalable virtualized infrastructure. The questions focused on the core components of vSphere, including the ESXi hypervisor and vCenter Server. Passing the 2V0-620 Exam demonstrated a solid understanding of the architecture, installation, configuration, and management principles that are necessary to build and maintain a virtual environment, forming the basis for more advanced skills.

Core Concepts of Server Virtualization

Before diving into the specifics of vSphere 6, it is essential to grasp the core concept of server virtualization, a key area for the 2V0-620 Exam. At its heart, virtualization is the process of creating a software-based, or virtual, representation of something physical, such as a server, storage device, or network. Server virtualization allows you to run multiple operating systems and applications on a single physical server. This is achieved by creating multiple isolated virtual machines (VMs) on that one piece of hardware.

Each virtual machine has its own virtual hardware, including a virtual CPU, memory, hard disk, and network interface card. This allows it to function as a complete, independent server. The physical hardware's resources are shared among all the VMs. A thin layer of software called a hypervisor runs on the physical server and is responsible for managing these resources and keeping the VMs isolated from one another. This approach leads to massive improvements in hardware utilization, energy efficiency, and operational agility, which are the primary drivers for virtualization adoption.

An Overview of the VMware vSphere 6 Suite

VMware vSphere is not a single product but a suite of software components for building and managing a virtualized data center. A high-level understanding of this suite is a prerequisite for the 2V0-620 Exam. The two most fundamental components of the suite are VMware ESXi and VMware vCenter Server. ESXi is the hypervisor, the virtualization platform that you install directly on your physical servers. It is responsible for creating and running the virtual machines.

VMware vCenter Server is the centralized management platform for the entire vSphere environment. It provides a single point of control for managing all your ESXi hosts and the virtual machines that run on them. While you can manage a single ESXi host directly, vCenter Server is required to unlock the most powerful features of vSphere, such as vMotion, High Availability (HA), and Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS). The vSphere suite also includes other components and features for networking, storage, and security that work together to create a complete virtualization platform.

The Architecture of the ESXi 6 Hypervisor

The VMware ESXi hypervisor is the foundation of the vSphere platform, and its architecture is a key topic for the 2V0-620 Exam. ESXi is a Type-1, or "bare-metal," hypervisor, which means it is installed directly onto the physical server hardware without an underlying operating system. This direct access to the hardware results in extremely high performance and security. The core of the ESXi hypervisor is the VMkernel. The VMkernel is a microkernel that controls and manages all the server's physical resources, including CPU, memory, storage, and networking.

The VMkernel is responsible for scheduling CPU and memory for all the running virtual machines. It also provides core services such as vMotion (live migration of VMs) and fault tolerance. On top of the VMkernel, each virtual machine runs in its own isolated space, managed by a Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM). The VMM presents a standard set of hardware to the guest operating system running inside the VM. This robust and efficient architecture is what makes ESXi a leading enterprise-class hypervisor.

The Role and Architecture of vCenter Server 6

While ESXi provides the virtualization capabilities, vCenter Server provides the centralized management. Its role and architecture are critical knowledge for the 2V0-620 Exam. vCenter Server acts as the central nervous system for your vSphere environment. It is installed on a separate server (either a Windows machine or a pre-configured virtual appliance) and connects to all the ESXi hosts over the network. It aggregates the resources of all these hosts into a single, unified pool of resources.

From the vCenter Server interface, an administrator can create and manage virtual machines, monitor performance, configure alarms, and perform maintenance tasks across the entire environment. Most importantly, vCenter Server enables the advanced features of vSphere. Features like High Availability, which automatically restarts a failed VM on another host, and vMotion, which moves a running VM from one host to another with zero downtime, are only possible when hosts are managed by a vCenter Server.

Differentiating vCenter on Windows vs. the VCSA

In vSphere 6, VMware provided two deployment options for vCenter Server, and you should be able to differentiate them for the 2V0-620 Exam. The first option was the traditional installation on a Microsoft Windows server. This involved running an installer on a supported Windows OS, which would install the vCenter Server software and its various components. This option was familiar to many Windows administrators but required the overhead of managing a separate Windows license and performing OS patching and maintenance.

The second and increasingly preferred option was the vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA). The VCSA is a pre-configured, hardened virtual machine running a customized Linux operating system (Photon OS). It is deployed as a template (in OVF format) directly onto an ESXi host. The VCSA is generally considered easier to deploy, patch, and manage than the Windows-based version. It also has a smaller footprint and can offer better performance, which is why it has become the standard deployment model in later vSphere versions.

Introduction to the Platform Services Controller (PSC)

A significant architectural change introduced in vSphere 6, and a key topic for the 2V0-620 Exam, was the Platform Services Controller, or PSC. The PSC is a component that consolidates several key infrastructure services that were previously distributed across different parts of the vSphere environment. These core services include vCenter Single Sign-On (SSO), which provides authentication and identity management, the VMware Certificate Authority (VMCA) for managing SSL certificates, and licensing services.

The PSC can be deployed in two ways: embedded or external. In an embedded deployment, the PSC services run on the same machine (Windows or VCSA) as the vCenter Server itself. This is a simpler configuration suitable for most standalone environments. In an external deployment, the PSC is installed on a separate server. This model allows multiple vCenter Servers to share a single, centralized set of PSC services, which is necessary for features like Enhanced Linked Mode that let you manage multiple vCenter instances from a single interface.

Navigating the vSphere 6 Web Client

The primary interface for managing a vSphere 6 environment through vCenter Server is the vSphere Web Client. Proficiency in navigating this interface is essential for any administrator and for success on the 2V0-620 Exam. The vSphere Web Client is a browser-based application that connects to the vCenter Server. It replaced the older, Windows-based C# client as the main management tool, providing access to all of the new features introduced in vSphere 6.

The Web Client interface is organized into a hierarchical inventory panel on the left and a main content pane on the right. The inventory panel allows you to browse and select objects like datacenters, clusters, hosts, and virtual machines. When you select an object, the content pane updates to show several tabs, such as "Summary," "Monitor," "Configure," and "Permissions," where you can view information and perform administrative tasks related to that object. Becoming comfortable with this navigation is a key first step in vSphere administration.

Key Objectives of the 2V0-620 Exam

To structure your study for the 2V0-620 Exam, you should focus on the official exam blueprint or objectives. These objectives detail the specific skills and knowledge areas that are covered on the test. The exam is typically broken down into several sections. The first section will cover the fundamentals of vSphere architecture, ensuring you understand the roles of ESXi, vCenter, the PSC, and the basic principles of virtualization.

Subsequent sections will cover the installation and configuration of these components. A major part of the exam will be dedicated to vSphere networking and storage, focusing on the configuration of vSphere Standard Switches and different types of datastores (VMFS and NFS). Another key area is virtual machine management, which includes creating, cloning, and managing VMs and their snapshots. Finally, the exam will cover basic administration, monitoring, and troubleshooting of a vSphere environment. A thorough review of these objectives is your best guide for preparation.

Hardware Requirements and Best Practices for ESXi 6

Before you can install VMware ESXi, you must ensure your physical server meets the necessary hardware requirements. A solid understanding of these requirements is foundational knowledge for the 2V0-620 Exam. ESXi 6 requires a 64-bit x86 processor with at least two cores. The CPU must also support hardware virtualization technologies, such as Intel VT-x or AMD RVI, which must be enabled in the server's BIOS or UEFI. The minimum memory requirement is 4 GB, although 8 GB or more is realistically needed for any useful workload.

For installation, ESXi requires a boot device, which can be a local hard disk, a USB drive, an SD card, or a SAN LUN. It is a best practice to install ESXi on a reliable, redundant storage medium like a mirrored SD card or a small local disk array. You must also check the official VMware Compatibility Guide to verify that your specific server model, storage controllers, and network interface cards are certified and supported for use with ESXi 6. Using unsupported hardware can lead to instability and is not recommended for production environments.

Performing an Interactive Installation of ESXi 6

The most direct way to install ESXi is through an interactive installation, and the steps of this process are a key topic for the 2V0-620 Exam. The process begins by downloading the ESXi installer ISO image from VMware. You then need to create a bootable medium from this ISO, such as a bootable USB drive or a CD/DVD, or mount the ISO virtually using the server's remote management interface (like iDRAC or iLO). After booting the server from the installer, the installation process begins.

The installer first loads the necessary files into memory and then presents a simple, menu-driven interface. You will be prompted to accept the end-user license agreement, select the disk on which to install ESXi (which will be completely erased), choose a keyboard layout, and set a complex password for the root user account. The installer then partitions the selected disk and copies the ESXi software to it. Once the installation is complete, you remove the installation media and reboot the server, which will then boot into the ESXi hypervisor.

Post-Installation Configuration of an ESXi Host

After the initial installation of ESXi, there are several essential configuration tasks that must be performed before the host is ready for production. The 2V0-620 Exam will expect you to be familiar with this process. This initial configuration is done through the Direct Console User Interface (DCUI), which is the yellow-and-gray screen you see on the physical console of the ESXi server. You can log in to the DCUI using the root account and the password you set during installation.

From the DCUI, the most critical task is to configure the management network. This involves assigning a static IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway to one of the server's physical network adapters. This allows the host to be managed remotely over the network. You should also configure the DNS servers and the hostname for the server. The DCUI also allows you to restart the management agents, enable services like SSH and the ESXi Shell for troubleshooting, and view system logs.

Deploying the vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA) 6

Once you have one or more ESXi hosts installed and configured on the network, the next step is to deploy vCenter Server. The vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA) is the preferred method, and its deployment process is a core competency for the 2V0-620 Exam. The VCSA is distributed as an OVA/OVF file, which is a pre-packaged virtual machine template. The deployment is initiated by running a client-side installer from a workstation that has network access to the target ESXi host.

The installer is a wizard-driven process. You will first be prompted to mount the VCSA ISO file. From there, the wizard will guide you through the process. You will need to accept the license agreement, specify the target ESXi host or vCenter Server where the VCSA will be deployed, and provide a name for the VCSA virtual machine and a root password. The wizard then deploys the virtual machine to the target host.

Configuring the vCenter Server Appliance

The deployment of the VCSA is a two-stage process. After the initial deployment of the virtual machine in the first stage, the second stage involves the actual configuration of the vCenter services. This configuration part of the VCSA installation wizard is a crucial area of study for the 2V0-620 Exam. During this stage, you will make key architectural decisions about your vCenter environment. You will choose the deployment type, which can be an embedded Platform Services Controller (PSC) or an external PSC.

You will also configure the vCenter Single Sign-On (SSO) domain. This involves creating a new SSO domain or joining an existing one. You must provide a password for the SSO administrator account. Additionally, you will be asked to select the appliance size (e.g., Tiny, Small, Medium) based on the number of hosts and virtual machines you plan to manage, which determines the virtual CPU and memory allocated to the VCSA. The wizard then completes the configuration of all the necessary services.

Creating a Datacenter and Adding ESXi Hosts in vCenter

After the VCSA is successfully deployed and running, you can connect to it using the vSphere Web Client for the first time. The initial task is to build out your inventory hierarchy, a process covered in the 2V0-620 Exam. The top-level object in the vCenter inventory is the Datacenter object. You must create at least one datacenter object to serve as a container for all your other inventory items, such as hosts, clusters, and virtual machines.

Once you have created a datacenter, the next logical step is to add your ESXi hosts to be managed by vCenter. This is done by right-clicking on the datacenter object and selecting the option to add a host. A wizard will prompt you for the hostname or IP address of the ESXi host, along with the root username and password for that host. vCenter will then connect to the host, install a management agent on it (vpxa), and add it to the vCenter inventory, allowing you to manage and monitor it centrally.

Managing vCenter Server Licenses

VMware vSphere products require licenses to enable their full functionality. Understanding how to manage these licenses within vCenter Server is a key administrative task and is relevant for the 2V0-620 Exam. When you first install ESXi and vCenter Server, they operate in a 60-day evaluation mode with all features enabled. Before this period expires, you must assign a valid license key to continue using the products.

License keys are managed centrally within the vSphere Web Client. There is a dedicated licensing section where you can add all the license keys you have purchased from VMware. Once the keys are added to vCenter's inventory, you must then assign them to your assets. You will need to assign a vCenter Server license to your vCenter instance itself. You will also need to assign a vSphere license (e.g., vSphere Standard, Enterprise Plus) to each of your ESXi hosts. The features available on a host will depend on the license edition that has been assigned to it.

Configuring Global System Settings in vCenter

vCenter Server has numerous global settings that allow you to customize its behavior and the default settings for your environment. Being aware of these settings is part of the knowledge required for the 2V0-620 Exam. These settings are typically found in the administration and configuration sections of the vSphere Web Client. For example, you can configure the default logging options for tasks and events, setting how long this historical data is retained in the vCenter database.

You can also configure mail server settings, which allows vCenter to send email notifications for alarms and alerts. Other settings control statistics collection levels, which determine the granularity of performance data that is collected and stored for your hosts and VMs. Taking the time to review and configure these global settings can help you tailor the vSphere environment to your organization's specific operational and monitoring needs, and ensure that you are capturing the right information for troubleshooting and capacity planning.

Fundamentals of vSphere Standard Switches (VSS)

Virtual networking is a foundational component of any vSphere environment, and the vSphere Standard Switch (VSS) is the most basic building block. A thorough understanding of the VSS is absolutely essential for the 2V0-620 Exam. A VSS works much like a physical Ethernet switch, but it exists entirely in software within the ESXi hypervisor. Its purpose is to provide network connectivity to virtual machines and to connect the ESXi host's own management and storage networks to the physical world.

Each ESXi host has its own set of standard switches that are configured and managed independently. A VSS is composed of several key components. It has one or more uplinks, which are the physical network adapters (pNICs) of the host that connect the virtual switch to the physical network. It also contains one or more port groups, which are logical groupings of virtual ports that share a common network configuration. Virtual machines are then connected to these port groups to gain network access.

Configuring Virtual Machine Port Groups

A virtual machine port group on a VSS is analogous to a VLAN on a physical switch. It defines a network for virtual machines to connect to. When you create a virtual machine, you connect its virtual network adapter (vNIC) to a specific port group. All VMs connected to the same port group are on the same layer 2 broadcast domain. A key skill tested in the 2V0-620 Exam is the ability to create and configure these port groups to segment network traffic.

When creating a port group, you give it a descriptive name, such as "Production-Web-Servers" or "Development-DBs." The most important setting you can configure is the VLAN ID. By assigning a VLAN ID to a port group, you tag all traffic from the VMs in that group with that VLAN. This allows you to integrate your virtual network with the VLANs configured on your physical network switches, ensuring that traffic is properly isolated and routed. You can create multiple port groups on a single VSS to accommodate different networks.

The Purpose and Use of VMkernel Network Adapters

While virtual machine port groups provide networking for the VMs, VMkernel network adapters (vmknics) provide networking for the ESXi host's own services. Understanding the distinct role of VMkernel adapters is critical for the 2V0-620 Exam. A VMkernel adapter is a special virtual network interface with its own IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. It is created on a VSS and is used by the hypervisor for its own traffic.

You will create different VMkernel adapters for different purposes. The first one you create is for the management network, which allows you to connect to the host with the vSphere client and for vCenter to manage it. You will create separate VMkernel adapters for other services, such as vMotion traffic, to enable the live migration of virtual machines. You would also create VMkernel adapters for IP-based storage traffic, like iSCSI and NFS, and for other features like Fault Tolerance logging. Isolating these traffic types onto separate networks is a key design best practice.

VSS Security and Traffic Shaping Policies

A vSphere Standard Switch offers several policy settings that allow you to control security and manage network traffic. These policies are a testable topic on the 2V0-620 Exam. The security policies are configured at the switch level or can be overridden at the port group level. There are three main security settings. Promiscuous Mode, when enabled, allows a virtual machine to see all network traffic passing on the switch, which is generally disabled for security reasons. MAC Address Changes and Forged Transmits control whether a VM can change its own MAC address.

Traffic shaping policies allow you to control the bandwidth for outbound traffic from a port group. You can set an average bandwidth, a peak bandwidth, and a burst size. This can be useful to prevent a single VM or group of VMs from consuming all the available network bandwidth on a physical uplink. These policies provide a basic level of quality of service (QoS) and can help ensure fair access to network resources for all virtual machines running on the host.

Core Concepts of vSphere Storage

Alongside networking, storage is the other critical pillar of a virtual infrastructure. The 2V0-620 Exam will test your understanding of fundamental vSphere storage concepts. ESXi uses a special type of high-performance file system called the Virtual Machine File System (VMFS) to store virtual machines. A VMFS volume, known as a datastore, can be created on top of various block-based storage devices, such as a local disk, a Fibre Channel SAN LUN, or an iSCSI SAN LUN. Multiple ESXi hosts can access the same VMFS datastore simultaneously, which is what enables features like vMotion and HA.

In addition to VMFS, ESXi also supports Network File System (NFS) datastores. An NFS datastore is created by mounting a shared directory from an NFS server (typically a NAS appliance). Both VMFS and NFS datastores serve the same purpose: they provide a shared repository where you can store your virtual machine files, including the configuration file (VMX) and the virtual disk files (VMDKs). Choosing the right type of storage depends on your infrastructure and performance requirements.

Configuring and Managing VMFS Datastores

The process of creating and managing VMFS datastores is a key hands-on skill for the 2V0-620 Exam. The process begins with provisioning a storage device, known as a LUN (Logical Unit Number), from your block storage array (Fibre Channel or iSCSI) and presenting it to your ESXi hosts. Once the hosts can see the LUN, you can use the vSphere Web Client to create a datastore on it. The "Add Storage" wizard will guide you through the process.

The wizard will first ask you to select the host and the LUN you want to use. You will then be prompted to format the LUN with the VMFS file system. During this process, you will give the new datastore a unique name. Once created, the datastore will appear in your vCenter inventory and will be available for all hosts that have access to that LUN. You can then start creating virtual machines on this new datastore. You can also increase the size of a VMFS datastore later if you need more space.

Connecting to NFS-Based Storage

Network File System (NFS) provides a simple and flexible way to create shared storage for a vSphere environment. The 2V0-620 Exam requires you to know how to configure ESXi hosts to use NFS storage. The prerequisite for this is to have an NFS server (a NAS device or a server running an NFS service) with a shared directory, known as an NFS export, that has been configured to grant access to your ESXi hosts. You also need to have a VMkernel adapter configured on your ESXi hosts for storage traffic.

Within the vSphere Web Client, the process of adding an NFS datastore is straightforward. You use the "Add Storage" wizard and select the NFS option. The wizard will ask you for the IP address or hostname of the NFS server, the path to the shared folder (the export path), and a name for the datastore. Once you provide this information, the ESXi host will mount the NFS share, and it will appear in your inventory as a usable datastore, ready for storing virtual machine files.

Understanding iSCSI Storage Fundamentals

iSCSI is a popular storage protocol that allows you to access block-based storage over a standard TCP/IP network. It is a common way to build a Storage Area Network (SAN) without the need for expensive Fibre Channel hardware. The 2V0-620 Exam will test your understanding of the concepts and configuration of iSCSI in vSphere. The iSCSI protocol uses an initiator-target model. The ESXi host acts as the initiator, and the storage array acts as the target.

To configure iSCSI, you must first enable the software iSCSI adapter on your ESXi host. Then, you need to configure a dedicated VMkernel adapter for iSCSI traffic. Best practices dictate that this traffic should be on its own isolated network for performance and security. You then configure the iSCSI initiator on the ESXi host with the IP address of the iSCSI target (the storage array). Once the connection is established and authentication is successful, the storage array can present LUNs to the host, which can then be formatted with VMFS.

The Role of Storage APIs

VMware provides a set of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) that allow third-party storage vendors to integrate their arrays more tightly with vSphere. A high-level awareness of these APIs is beneficial for the 2V0-620 Exam. The vSphere APIs for Array Integration (VAAI) allow the ESXi host to offload certain storage-intensive operations directly to the storage array. For example, when cloning a virtual machine, instead of the host reading and writing all the data, it can simply instruct the array to make a copy of the data blocks, which is much faster.

Another important set of APIs are the vSphere APIs for Storage Awareness (VASA). VASA allows the storage array to communicate its capabilities and health status back to vCenter Server. This provides the administrator with much greater visibility into the underlying storage directly from the vSphere client. While you do not need to be a developer, understanding that these APIs exist and what they enable is part of being a knowledgeable vSphere administrator.

Creating and Configuring a New Virtual Machine

The primary purpose of a vSphere environment is to host virtual machines (VMs). Therefore, the ability to create and configure a new VM is the most fundamental skill for an administrator and a guaranteed topic on the 2V0-620 Exam. This process is accomplished using the "New Virtual Machine" wizard in the vSphere Web Client. The wizard guides you through a series of steps to define the properties of your new VM.

You will be asked to provide a unique name for the VM and select its location in the vCenter inventory, such as a specific datacenter or folder. You will then choose the ESXi host or cluster where the VM will run. Next, you must select a datastore where the VM's files will be stored. A critical step is selecting the guest operating system type and version you intend to install, as this helps vSphere optimize the VM's configuration for that OS. Finally, you will configure the virtual hardware for the VM.

Understanding Virtual Machine Hardware Versions

When you create a VM, you assign it a specific virtual hardware version. This version determines the virtual hardware features and capabilities that are available to the VM. A clear understanding of this concept is required for the 2V0-620 Exam. Each new major release of vSphere typically introduces a new virtual hardware version that supports new features, such as larger memory limits, more virtual CPUs, or new types of virtual devices.

For example, a VM created on an ESXi 6.0 host might have virtual hardware version 11. It is important to keep the hardware version consistent within a cluster to ensure full vMotion compatibility. You can upgrade a VM's virtual hardware version, but this is a one-way process and requires the VM to be powered off. Upgrading allows the VM to take advantage of the latest features of the hypervisor, but it may also make the VM incompatible with older ESXi hosts.

Installing a Guest Operating System

After a virtual machine has been created, it is essentially a blank slate with virtual hardware but no operating system. The next step is to install a guest operating system, a process you should be familiar with for the 2V0-620 Exam. This process is very similar to installing an OS on a physical server. You first need to obtain the installation media for the operating system, typically in the form of an ISO file.

You can upload this ISO file to a vSphere datastore. Then, you edit the settings of your new VM and connect its virtual CD/DVD drive to this ISO file. You also need to configure the VM to boot from the CD/DVD drive. When you power on the VM and open its console, it will boot from the ISO image and begin the operating system's standard installation process. You then proceed with the installation just as you would on a physical machine, including partitioning the virtual disk and configuring the OS settings.

The Importance and Function of VMware Tools

Once the guest operating system is installed, the next critical step is to install VMware Tools. The purpose and benefits of VMware Tools are a key knowledge area for the 2V0-620 Exam. VMware Tools is a suite of utilities and optimized drivers that is installed inside the guest operating system of a virtual machine. It dramatically enhances the performance and manageability of the VM.

The optimized drivers included in VMware Tools, such as the VMXNET3 network driver and the paravirtual SCSI controller driver, provide significantly better performance than the default drivers that come with the guest OS. VMware Tools also enables many important features, such as the ability to gracefully shut down or restart the guest OS from the vSphere client, improved mouse performance, and the ability to copy and paste between the VM console and your local machine. It is a best practice to always have the latest version of VMware Tools installed in every VM.

Managing Virtual Machine Snapshots

Virtual machine snapshots capture the entire state of a VM at a specific moment in time. This includes the VM's memory state, settings, and the state of all its virtual disks. Understanding how to create and manage snapshots is a vital skill for the 2V0-620 Exam. Snapshots are extremely useful for creating a short-term rollback point before performing a risky operation, such as patching the guest OS or upgrading an application. If the operation fails, you can quickly revert the VM to its pre-snapshot state.

When you take a snapshot, the original virtual disk files (VMDKs) are preserved in a read-only state, and a new "delta" disk file is created. All subsequent changes to the VM are written to this delta file. While powerful, snapshots are not a replacement for backups. They should only be used for short periods, as having many snapshots or leaving them for a long time can negatively impact VM performance and make them difficult to manage. When you are done, you should either delete the snapshot (committing the changes to the base disk) or revert to it.

Cloning Virtual Machines for Rapid Deployment

Cloning is the process of creating an exact, independent copy of an existing virtual machine. This feature is a powerful tool for rapid server deployment, and you should understand its use for the 2V0-620 Exam. A clone is a completely separate VM with its own unique MAC address and identity, but it starts with an identical configuration and disk content as the source VM. This is extremely useful when you need to deploy multiple servers that have the same operating system and application configuration.

You can perform a clone operation on a VM while it is powered on or powered off. The cloning wizard in the vSphere Web Client allows you to customize the new VM as part of the cloning process. For example, you can change its name, place it on a different datastore, and even use guest OS customization specifications to automatically change settings like the computer name and IP address of the new clone to avoid conflicts on the network.

Using Templates and the Content Library

While cloning is useful for creating a single copy, templates are the preferred method for standardizing the deployment of many virtual machines. The concept of templates is a core topic for the 2V0-620 Exam. A template is a master copy or golden image of a virtual machine that cannot be powered on or edited directly. You first create a base VM, install and configure the operating system and any standard applications, and then convert this VM into a template.

Once you have a template, you can rapidly deploy new virtual machines from it. Each new VM deployed from the template is a fresh, independent copy. This ensures that all your new servers are built from a consistent, pre-configured, and patched baseline. In vSphere 6, templates can be managed and distributed using the Content Library. The Content Library is a centralized repository where you can store and manage templates, ISO files, and other types of content, and even share them across multiple vCenter Server instances.

Conclusion

A vApp is a container for one or more virtual machines that are part of a multi-tiered application. While it is a more advanced concept, a basic understanding of vApps is beneficial for the 2V0-620 Exam. Modern applications are often composed of multiple VMs working together, such as a web server, an application server, and a database server. A vApp allows you to group these related VMs together and manage them as a single logical entity.

By placing VMs in a vApp, you can control their power-on and power-off sequence. For example, you can configure the vApp to always start the database server first, wait for it to be ready, and then start the application and web servers. You can also define resource allocation settings at the vApp level, which apply to all the VMs within it. This simplifies the management and operational control of complex, multi-tiered applications in a virtual environment.

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