Originally posted by: Fox5
Just because the impact is lessened doesn't mean it isn't there.
To clarify something here...
On a FSB architecture, all signals from the CPU go to the Northbridge and from there to memory, PCIE, other CPUs, and the Southbridge. The speed at which the Northbridge runs is essentially the FSB. In addition, because ALL signals go through the Northbridge, it must be very fast and very wide to accomodate all of that traffic. The speed at which the Northbridge can move signals is therefore the bottleneck of this model as it runs much slower than the CPU.
On AMD's architecture the Northbridge is incorporated into the chip itself, and the different signals use several different paths.
1. The memory has it's own connection via a cHT (coherent HT) link.
2. The PCIE and Southbridge also have their own connection via a standard HT link
3. Other CPUs also have their own cHT link
4. The cHT links and the standard HT links can and do run at different speeds from one another.
5. Because there is so much less data on each cHT and HT link than there is on a FSB, bandwidth is a MUCH smaller issue.
The bottleneck on an AMD platform is therefore the IPC of the core itself and not it's signal path (as it would be in a FSB model).
Of course there are caveats here...
It will help if you think of each link as a transceiver. With a transceiver, you must convert sound vibrations into radio waves and then convert them back again.
Similarly, the CPU must convert the data to transmit over the cHT link and then back again (this is true for all memory controllers). What governs the speed of this transaction (in the case of AMD) is 2 things...how fast can you convert and how fast the memory can "hear".
1. Since this is a new "transceiver" for AMD, it's conversion efficiency is much less than the older DDR Rev E one (IIRC it's ~53% for the DDR2 and ~90% for DDR).
2. DDR2 must perform additional steps (latency) for it to "hear" properly, so increasing the clockspeed is the only way (so far) to bring it into parity with DDR.
Another caveat is the fact that (as Furen pointed out) the transceivers run at the same rate as the CPU, so they must be "tuned" to accomodate the speed requirements of the transmission and reception. If you change the speed of the CPU, you must also retune the transceivers...
Whether the base rate is 200 or 333 doesn't matter except that retuning is done differently...