I would agree that Dobs are not the be all and end all of astronomy. However, they're a great starting point, particularly when you only have $300 to spend. At that price point, Schmidt-Cassegrain and Maksutov-Cassegrain scopes are out of reach. So are refractors any bigger than about 100mm. The real problem is getting a quality mount in the package. Too often a decent refractor is paired up with a useless mount. With $300 you could realistically get an 80mm short-tube refractor (80mm f/5) and a Chinese-made EQ1 mount ($279 at Orion Telescopes), and that would be serviceable. However, that's about all you can get in a refractor without spending another couple hundred bucks.
Contrast that to a 6" Dob. You get nearly four times the light-gathering power. Nearly twice the resolution. You are free of the rather severe chromatic aberration inherent in "fast" achromatic refractors. With a rather slow focal ratio of f/8 (slow for a Dob anyway), collimation of a 6" f/8 Dob isn't a critical issue. But most importantly, you get a mount that is far more intuitive to use for a beginner. Now granted if transportation is an issue, then the 80mm refractor and inexpensive EQ1 mount is easier to move around, but a 6" Dob isn't exactly cumbersome either. It's very easy to carry it in two separate pieces, and it'll easily fit in the back of a car (assuming 6" f/8, for a total tube length of 48"...just about right for the average width of a back seat). I have no issues moving my 8" Dobsonian around, and there are many times I'll take it out as one piece down my driveway to do some casual observing.
If the budget were closer to $500 or so, then there'd be a lot more options that include refractors. However at $300, the best way to go is a Dobsonian. But whatever you do, don't buy the trash scopes at department stores and eBay. If you really would rather spend just $100 or so, grab a decent pair of 7x50 or 10x50 binoculars (which you can also use for non-astronomy purposes) and a planisphere, and learn your way around the sky a bit before investing in a scope. Buying a cheap scope isn't like buying cheap generic RAM...while generic RAM may suck at overclocking, chances are it'll at least work as advertised. Bad scopes aren't like that. Bad scopes can actually be worse than no scope at all, as you get frustrated by trying to work around the horrible optics and a mount which seems intent on screwing up your every attempt at observing something.