It has been done with Alpha processors, which is where AMD borrowed the original Athlon bus.
You need an Alpha firmware in the board instead of an x86 BIOS, and the chipset also needs to be able to switch all the legacy x86 nonsense off and present a clean, linear, unobstructed memory map. There have been a handful of Slot A boards that ran either an Athlon or an Alpha - using the AMD 750 chipset that could. The Alpha community was not amused about the rather low performance of the chipset though, so the idea didn't get pursued any further.
regards, Peter