not necessarily.. the ATM surcharges you a fee of somewhere between 75 cents and $2 (and some are free). If you use a bank like Key Bank (just to name one specifically) the bank itself will add a surcharge for not using one of their ATMs.
The surcharge by the bank itself onto your account (unassociated with the ATM) all of that money goes directly to the bank. (this was not the question, but I thought I'd add it)..
I'm not 100% positive on all of this next part, it's mostly speculation, but I believe the money charged by the ATM itself (the 75 cents to $2, usually $1.50) goes first to the bank that owns that specific ATM. Then I believe a fee from that charge is paid to the carrying services (as mentioned, Cirrus, Plus, Star, Mac, Etc.).. either way, the fee is added specifically by the bank that owns the ATM, not by the ATM service.